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Assessment of Parkinson’s Disease Based on Acoustic Analysis of Hypokinetic Dysarthria
Galáž, Zoltán ; Brezany, Peter (referee) ; Sklenář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
Hypokinetická dysartrie (HD) je častým symptomem vyskytujícím se až u 90% pacientů trpících idiopatickou Parkinsonovou nemocí (PN), která výrazně přispívá k nepřirozenosti a nesrozumitelnosti řeči těchto pacientů. Hlavním cílem této disertační práce je prozkoumat možnosti použití kvantitativní paraklinické analýzy HD, s použitím parametrizace řeči, statistického zpracování a strojového učení, za účelem diagnózy a objektivního hodnocení PN. Tato práce dokazuje, že počítačová akustická analýza je schopná dostatečně popsat HD, speciálně tzv. dysprozodii, která se projevuje nedokonalou intonací a nepřirozeným tempem řeči. Navíc také dokazuje, že použití klinicky interpretovatelných akustických parametrů kvantifikujících různé aspekty HD, jako jsou fonace, artikulace a prozodie, může být použito k objektivnímu posouzení závažnosti motorických a nemotorických symptomů vyskytujících se u pacientů s PN. Dále tato práce prezentuje výzkum společných patofyziologických mechanizmů stojících za HD a zárazy v chůzi při PN. Nakonec tato práce dokazuje, že akustická analýza HD může být použita pro odhad progrese zárazů v chůzi v horizontu dvou let.
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Analysis of Speech Signals for the Purpose of Neurological Disorders IT Diagnosis
Mekyska, Jiří ; Dostál, Otto (referee) ; Přibilová, Anna (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work deals with a design of hypokinetic dysarthria analysis system. Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech motor dysfunction that is present in approx. 90 % of patients with Parkinson’s disease. The work is mainly focused on parameterization techniques that can be used to diagnose or monitor this disease as well as estimate its progress. Next, features that significantly correlate with subjective tests are found. These features can be used to estimate scores of different scales like Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) or Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE). A protocol of dysarthric speech acquisition is introduced in this work too. In combination with acoustic analysis it can be used to estimate a grade of hypokinetic dysarthria in fields of faciokinesis, phonorespiration and phonetics (correlation with 3F test). Regarding the parameterization, features based on modulation spectrum, inferior colliculus coefficients, bicepstrum, approximate and sample entropy, empirical mode decomposition and singular points are originally introduced in this work. All the designed techniques are integrated into the system concept in way that it can be implemented in a hospital and used for a research on Parkinson’s disease or its evaluation.
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Acoustic analysis of sentences complicated for articulation in patients with Parkinson's disease
Kiska, Tomáš ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
This work deals with a design of hypokinetic dysarthria analysis system. Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech motor dysfunction that is present in approx. 90 % of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Next there is described Parkinson's disease and change of the speech signal by this disability. The following describes the symptoms, which are used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (FCR, VSA, VAI, etc.). The work is mainly focused on parameterization techniques that can be used to diagnose or monitor this disease as well as estimate its progress. A protocol of dysarthric speech acquisition is described in this work too. In combination with acoustic analysis it can be used to estimate a grade of hypokinetic dysarthria in fields of faciokinesis, phonorespiration and phonetics (correlation with 3F test). Regarding the parameterization, new features based on method RASTA. The analysis is based on parametrization sentences complicated for articulation. Experimental dataset consists of 101 PD patients with different disease progress and 53 healthy controls. For classification with feature selection have selected method mRMR.
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Diagnostic experience of patients with fibromyalgia-
Králová, Josefína ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vokřálová, Eliška (referee)
This paper focuses on the process of establishing a diagnosis for patients suffering from fibromyalgia. First, in the theoretical part, the issue is anchored in the fundamental concepts of the sociology of medicine. The social construction of medical knowledge, of the patient's role, medicalization, and the labelling theory is introduced, followed by a discussion on the contested diseases with a special focus on the diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Moreover, the dimension of gender with particular attention to medicalization and the establishment of diagnosis is described. In the analytical part, there are presented data obtained from ten semi-structured interviews conducted with fibromyalgia patients. Divided into three sections, the analysis focuses on the process of seeking a diagnosis, the consequences of establishing a diagnosis, and the impact of a fibromyalgia diagnosis on a patient's life. In the analytical part, it is also discussed how the diagnostic progress is affected by gender. The thesis' objective is to identify how the diagnostic process in the case of fibromyalgia is developed, in order to describe, among other things, how the diagnosis is socially constructed and what impact it has on the patients, whether in relation to medical professionals, state programmes of social assistance, the...
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Pathology of adnex
BARANCOVÁ, Iveta
The term adnex comes from the latin word nexus or connection and i tis used in gynecology and dermatology. Gynecological adnexa involves the internal genitals of woman without uterus, so it involves the fallopian tubes and ovaries. In every woman´s life, there can be conditions when the woman feels abdominal pain. These abdominal pain can´t be serious, however if the pain persists, it needs to be examinated their origin. During diagnostics, it is also important to keep in mind that the woman is prone to various diseases associated with gynecological adnexa. This bachleor thesis deals with pathological conditions od gynecological adnexa, therefore inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, ovarian cysts, adnexal endometriosis and benign but also malignant neoplasms located in the fallopian tubes and ovaries. Because every woman is at risk of an ectopic pregnancy when she is of childbearin age, this type of pregnancy is considered as pathological, so it is included in this bachleor thesis as well. Forty samples of gynecological adnexa are processed for this thesis. A selected part of the adnex sample is documented in this thesis. Samples are processed in all sections of the histological laboratory. After that histological preparations are made and the diagnosis is made too. Histological preparations are stained with basic histological staining Hematoxylin-eosin, but also with special methods Hematoxylin-van Gieson and Goldner´s trichrome. The thesis also contains a statistical evaluation of the incidence of gynecological adnexa for the period from 2015-2019, which were diagnosed at the pathological department. Female sterilization is included in this evaluation too, because its number has increased over the period. The sterilization included in the evaluation was always performed with the patient´s consent and at her own reques, for example it is performed during the planned caesarean section.
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The influence of early diagnostic on families of children with ASD
Čižmářová, Eliška ; Vítečková, Michaela (advisor) ; Adámková, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis The influence of early diagnosis for family of children with ASD deals with problems with autistic spectrum disorders diagnostics. It is focused on families with ASD children. It also maps the period before the diagnosis. The main aim is to show the preceding situation and consequences after the diagnosis of one of the autistic spectrum disorders in the family. The thesis works with both, the psychic impacts influencing family members, but also many other factors. The acquired information is based on the narrative conversation with parents. It speaks about the first displayed symptoms and the attempt to solve the occurring problems. It also speaks about possible seeing doctors, and if so, what specialists and what approaches and diagnoses they met. Last but not least the thesis is interested in those who informed the family about ASD as the first, when it was diagnosed and the change of family life after the diagnosis.
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Organization Development Intervention Options: a selected organization example
Jechová, Klára ; Mudd, Dana (advisor) ; Trunda, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis is aimed at the analysis of the concrete construction company, especially by an interpretation of gathered data, which were reached from members of chosen working group in the organization and then it is aimed at the possibility of the application of interventions using in the company. The concrete working group is mainly composed of members of administrative organization part. The objective of the work is based on the diagnosis of an internal and an external background of the company and on the consequential giving the feedback to the client about an implementing the interventions. This diagnosis is made with help of special methods and techniques: interviews, SWOT analysis, association training and sociometric test. The final recommendation is mainly oriented in planning concrete interventions in the company and it is also partially based on the whole potential consultant's implementing process step by step. For this possible realizing of the consultant's process the work tries to illustrate global time plan and then it also warns, that there could be certain difficulties, which could appear in the phase of the implementation. At the end of the work it is recommended that the owner of the company should introduce group members the gathered data from the analysis. The...
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Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for pubescents patients with cerebral palsy
Buzková, Tereza ; Nývltová, Lucie (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive motor funciton development disorder which is caused by disruption of the immature brain. There is about 16 000 - 20 000 patients living in the Czech Republic with this diagnosis to date. Based on the clinical picture, specific forms of this disorder can be classified. Besides the motor funciton development disorder, the patients also suffer from other comorbidities (such as epilepsy, oropharyngeal dysphagia, sensory deficits etc.). Early diagnosis of this disorder is crucial. The severity of the motor function deficit is evaluated by monitoring the gross and fine motor function. Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive, not unchanging, disorder. The theoretic part of the thesis describes secondary issues which are present during pubescent period of the patients. They are dealing with growth disorders, reduced bone density and increased bone fragility. Plenty of risk factors precede these problems. Also, question of sexuality, life priorities and about future play a big role for the patients in their pubescent period. There are possibilities to solve these problems in terms of complex rehabilitation care. Especially in physiotherapy, occupational therapy and nutritional therapy. The practical part of the thesis is an example of an intensive rehabilitation care of a...
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with the Diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis
Svoboda, Petr ; Maršáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Zinková, Iva (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to introduce the issue of disease of ankylosing spondylitis, focusing on physiotherapy treatment in this disease. Furthermore the thesis is introducing a case study of a patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Summary: This thesis is divided into two parts, general part and special part. General part introduces the issue of ankylosing spondylitis. The general part describes symptoms of the disease, its diagnostics and ways of treatment, focusing on physiotherapy and physical exercise in general, furthermore possibilities drug treatment and surgery is mentioned as well as other ways of treatment. Finally it describes the prognosis of the disease. Special part introduces a case study of a patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Based on the initial biomechanical assessment the short-term and long-term rehabilitation plan is evaluated, the therapy carried out according to rehabilitation plan. By comparing both initial and final biomechanical assessment, the effect of therapy was concluded. The materials to create this thesis, was gathered during my work experience in Revmatologický ústav, Prague which I undertook from 15. January 9. to February 2018. Key...
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Professional care through the eyes of clients with Borderline Personality Disorder
Williamsová, Kathryn ; Vágnerová, Marie (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
In this bachelor's thesis I focus on the experience of clients with the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in the system of care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part of the work I will first introduce the basic manifestations of borderline personality disorder, its typical development, diagnostic criteria, and treatment. Subsequently, I will focus on the stigmatization of BPD, as it is one of the most stigmatized mental illnesses, usually by people working in professional care. I will focus on the analysis of the possible causes of this stigmatization. I will then introduce the current system of care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic. I will then focus in more detail on the ongoing reform and the specific treatment options that the client with BPD in the Czech Republic now has. In the empirical part I will present the specific experiences of eight respondents who were diagnosed with BPD in the system of care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic. I carried out in-depth semi-structured interviews with elements of the narrative interview, which I subsequently subjected to a thematic analysis. First, I present their stories, from the start of their issues to the present day. In the second part, I will present the results of the thematic...
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